Subsidence modeling is usually done with pre-existing models. Several simulations, such as one that considers the drainage of groundwater, can be modelled. Although there are many existing subsidence modelling techniques that are empirical/theoretical in nature, they fail to account for a vast terrain of variables like excavation sequence, geometry, and associated material properties. Consideration of these variables allows models to be safe and accurate. 

Finite Element Method (FEM) is an emerging tool to predict surface subsidence due to underground mining. FEM, the ground surrounding the excavated region is mathematically replaced by an idealized material that deforms in accordance with construction relations.